Introducción
Enlace a la presentación: JOSÉ A. VÁZQUEZ Y PAULA DAGÁ. Valorización de peptonas marinas como fuente de nitrógeno para la producción industrial de bacterias probióticas de origen marino y bacterias lácticass
Introducción
Enlace a ponencia: JULIA SERRA. Producción de biomateriales de origen marino para la regeneración del tejido óseo
Diagnóstico del sector pesquero y marisquero en el Golfo de Fonseca hondureño
Este documento ha sido elaborado en el marco del Proyecto de mejora de la sostenibilidad de la actividad marisquera como fuente de ingresos de 7 grupos de mujeres marisqueras en los municipios de Amapala, San Lorenzo y Marcovia, Honduras como parte de la Asistencia Técnica de apoyo a la Asociación Enxeñería Sen Fronteiras Galicia en la consecución del Resultado 2 de la intervención “Ampliada la capacidad productiva de bivalvos de los grupos de mujeres”. Proyecto financiado por la Dirección Xeral de Relacións Exteriores e coa Unión Europea da Xunta de Galicia en la convocatoria de 2019 de proyectos de cooperación para el desarrollo en el exterior.
Póster Buenas prácticas en la pesca de pulpo en Cabo Delgado, Mozambique
Resumen
Extreme Wave Height Events in NW Spain: A Combined Multi-Sensor and Model Approach
The Galician coast (NW Spain) is a region that is strongly influenced by the presence of low pressure systems in the mid-Atlantic Ocean and the periodic passage of storms that give rise to severe sea states. Since its wave climate is one of the most energetic in Europe, the objectives of this paper were twofold.
The first objective was to characterize the most extreme wave height events in Galicia over the wintertime of a two-year period (2015–2016) by using reliable high-frequency radar wave parameters in concert with predictions from a regional wave (WAV) forecasting system running operationally in the Iberia-Biscay-Ireland (IBI) area, denominated IBI-WAV.
The second objective was to showcase the application of satellite wave altimetry (in particular, remote-sensed three-hourly wave height estimations) for the daily skill assessment of the IBI-WAV model product.
Special attention was focused on monitoring Ophelia—one of the major hurricanes on record in the easternmost Atlantic—during its 3-day track over Ireland and the UK (15–17 October 2017).
Overall, the results reveal the significant accuracy of IBI-WAV forecasts and prove that a combined observational and modeling approach can provide a comprehensive characterization of severe wave conditions in coastal areas and shows the benefits from the complementary nature of both systems.
Resumen
Long-term skill assessment of SeaSonde radarderived wave parameters in the Galician coast (NW Spain)
A long-term multi-parameter skill assessment of a 5-MHz Coastal Ocean Dynamics Applications Radar (CODAR) SeaSonde High-Frequency radar (HFR) network deployed along the Galician Coast (NW Iberian Peninsula) was attempted for 2014–2016. To this aim, wave estimations from two HFR sites, obtained directly by the CODAR radar proprietary software, were independently validated against hourly in situ observations from two moored buoys for two different periods. The accuracy assessment of significant wave height (Hs) revealed a consistent agreement with Pearson´s
correlation coefficients (r) above 0.75 and normalized root mean squared errors below 0.4. An overall slight overestimation of Hs radar estimations was evidenced, likely due to spurious contributions to the directional spectra.
The seasonal analysis revealed that the performance of this low mono-frequency radar was more precise for high-sea states during wintertime, whereas the quality and availability of radar data decreased under summer less energetic conditions, in accordance with previous works. In the case of the centroid wave period, HFR performance was consistent through the different years, with r values emerging in the range
of 0.61–0.74. The directional accuracy was moderately good, with NW and W-NW as predominant sectors. Despite r values above 0.74, a tendency for CODAR HFR-derived incoming mean wave direction to be aligned more perpendicular to the coast compared to offshore in situ data was also observed. Furthermore, the relationship between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and HFR wave estimations was explored. A subtle but statistically significant connection was found, with Hs and centroid wave period being positively correlated with NAO daily index.
Complementarily, the skill of the Galician HFR system was evaluated under positive and negative NAO conditions in order to elucidate whether the radar accuracy is or is not NAO-phase dependent. No substantial differences could be found for each of the three parameters analysed as HFR accuracy remained mostly unaffected by swings in the NAO index. Finally, it can be concluded that properly treated CODAR radar-derived wave estimations
can be potentially employed for operational coastal monitoring across a wide range of sea states.
Resumen
Long-Term Monitoring of the Atlantic Jet through the Strait of Gibraltar with HF Radar Observations
The present work focuses on the long-term coastal monitoring of the Atlantic surface inflow into the Mediterranean basin through the Strait of Gibraltar. Hourly current maps provided during 2016–2017 by a High Frequency radar (HFR) system were used to characterize the Atlantic Jet (AJ) since changes in its speed and direction modulate the upper-layer circulation of the Western Alboran Gyre (WAG). The AJ pattern was observed to follow a marked seasonal cycle. A stronger AJ flowed
north-eastwards during autumn and winter, while a weaker AJ was directed more southwardly during the middle of the year, reaching a minimum of intensity during summertime.
A strong relationship between AJ speeds and angles was evidenced: the AJ appeared to be frequently locked at an angle around 63, measured clockwise from the North. The AJ speed usually fluctuated between 50 cms-1 and 170 cms-1, with occasional drops below 50 cms-1 which were coincident with abrupt modifications in AJ orientation. Peaks of current speed clearly reached values up to 250 cms-1, regardless of the season. A number of persistent full reversal episodes of the surface inflow were analyzed in terms of triggering synoptic conditions and the related wind-driven circulation patterns.
High sea level pressures and intense (above 10 ms-1), permanent and spatially-uniform easterlies prevailed over the study domain during the AJ collapse events analyzed. By contrast, tides seemed to play a secondary role by partially speeding up or slowing down the westward currents, depending on the phase of the tide. A detailed characterization of this unusual phenomenon in the Strait of Gibraltar is relevant from diverse aspects, encompassing search and rescue operations, the management of
accidental marine pollution episodes or efficient ship routing.
Resumen
Comparative Analysis of Summer Upwelling and Downwelling Events in NW Spain: A Model-Observations Approach
Upwelling and downwelling processes play a critical role in the connectivity between o shore waters and coastal ecosystems, having relevant implications in terms of intense biogeochemical activity and global fisheries production. A variety of in situ and remote-sensing networks were used in concert with the Iberia–Biscay–Ireland (IBI) circulation forecast system, in order to investigate two persistent upwelling and downwelling events that occurred in the Northwestern (NW) Iberian coastal system during summer 2014. Special emphasis was placed on quality-controlled surface currents provided by a high-frequency radar (HFR), since this land-based technology can e ectively monitor the upper layer flow over broad coastal areas in near-real time.
The low-frequency spatiotemporal response of the ocean was explored in terms of wind-induced currents’ structures and immediacy of reaction. Mean kinetic energy, divergence and vorticity maps were also calculated for
upwelling and downwelling favorable events, in order to verify HFR and IBI capabilities, to accurately resolve the prevailing surface circulation features, such as the locus of a persistent upwelling maximum in the vicinity of Cape Finisterre. This integrated approach proved to be well-founded to eciently portray the three-dimensional characteristics of the NW Iberian coastal upwelling system regardless of few shortcomings detected in IBI performance, such as the misrepresentation of the most energetic
surface dynamics or the overestimation of the cooling and warming associated with upwelling and downwelling conditions, respectively.
Finally, the variability of the NW Iberian upwelling system was characterized by means of the development of a novel ocean-based coastal upwelling index (UI), constructed from HFR-derived hourly surface current observations (UIHFR). The proposed UIHFR was validated against two traditional UIs for 2014, to assess its credibility. Results suggest that UIHFR
was able to adequately categorize and characterize a wealth of summer upwelling and downwelling events of diverse length and strength, paving the way for future investigations of the subsequent biophysical implications.
Resumen
The complex nature of the Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) requires the integration and consideration of multiple elements, ranging from the ecological and environmental to the socio-economic as well as the political, institutional or cultural. To succeed, the public policies demand techniques and tools that allow to evaluate the effects or impacts on the society. By applying an empirical approach, this paper presents a framework to evaluate the direct economic impacts linked to the implementation of MSP policies in three case studies: Belgium, Germany and Norway.
The methodological procedure is sequenced in 4 phases: identification of the sectors involved, data collection, construction of counterfactual scenarios and estimate of impacts after consulting the stakeholders.
With the application of this framework to the case studies, an estimate was made of the variations in the value of production for each marine sector that can be directly attributed to the implementation of the MSP. In general,
they were positive in the three cases analysed.
In the medium scenario, cumulative final direct impacts of € 1875 million were estimated in the German case (2010–2016 period), € 929 million in the Belgian case (2014–2016) and € 2262 million in the Norwegian case (2013–2016). These results can serve as the basis for further estimations of indirect and induced impacts of the implementation of spatial management policies in a blue economy context.
